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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saŋlem | om saŋle |
| 2SG: | saŋlet | ot saŋle |
| 3SG: | saŋla | ok/ogeš saŋle |
| 1PL: | saŋlena | ona/ogə̑na saŋle |
| 2PL: | saŋleda | oda/ogə̑da saŋle |
| 3PL: | saŋlat | ogə̑t saŋle |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saŋlə̑šə̑m | šə̑m saŋle |
| 2SG: | saŋlə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ saŋle |
| 3SG: | saŋlə̑š | ə̑š saŋle |
| 1PL: | saŋlə̑šna | ə̑šna saŋle |
| 2PL: | saŋlə̑šda | ə̑šda saŋle |
| 3PL: | saŋlə̑št | ə̑št saŋle |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saŋlenam | saŋlen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | saŋlenat | saŋlen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | saŋlen | saŋlen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | saŋlenna | saŋlen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | saŋlenda | saŋlen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | saŋlenə̑t | saŋlen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saŋlem ə̑l'e | om saŋle ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | saŋlet ə̑l'e | ot saŋle ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | saŋla ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš saŋle ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | saŋlena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na saŋle ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | saŋleda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da saŋle ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | saŋlat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t saŋle ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saŋlem ulmaš | om saŋle ulmaš |
| 2SG: | saŋlet ulmaš | ot saŋle ulmaš |
| 3SG: | saŋla ulmaš | ok/ogeš saŋle ulmaš |
| 1PL: | saŋlena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na saŋle ulmaš |
| 2PL: | saŋleda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da saŋle ulmaš |
| 3PL: | saŋlat ulmaš | ogə̑t saŋle ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saŋlenam ə̑l'e | saŋlen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | saŋlenat ə̑l'e | saŋlen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | saŋlen ə̑l'e | saŋlen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | saŋlenna ə̑l'e | saŋlen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | saŋlenda ə̑l'e | saŋlen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | saŋlen ə̑l'e | saŋlen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saŋlenam ulmaš | saŋlen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | saŋlenat ulmaš | saŋlen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | saŋlen ulmaš | saŋlen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | saŋlenna ulmaš | saŋlen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | saŋlenda ulmaš | saŋlen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | saŋlen ulmaš | saŋlen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | saŋle | it saŋle |
| 3SG: | saŋlə̑že | ə̑nže saŋle |
| 1PL: | (saŋlena) | (ona/ogə̑na saŋle) |
| 2PL: | saŋlə̑za | ida saŋle |
| 3PL: | saŋlə̑št | ə̑nə̑št saŋle |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saŋlə̑nem | ə̑nem saŋle |
| 2SG: | saŋlə̑net | ə̑net saŋle |
| 3SG: | saŋlə̑neže | ə̑než saŋle |
| 1PL: | saŋlə̑nena | ə̑nena saŋle |
| 2PL: | saŋlə̑neda | ə̑neda saŋle |
| 3PL: | saŋlə̑nešt | ə̑nešt saŋle |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saŋlə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem saŋle ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | saŋlə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net saŋle ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | saŋlə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než saŋle ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | saŋlə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena saŋle ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | saŋlə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda saŋle ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | saŋlə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt saŋle ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | saŋlə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net saŋle ulmaš |
| 3SG: | saŋlə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než saŋle ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | saŋlə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda saŋle ulmaš |
| 3PL: | saŋlə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt saŋle ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | saŋlaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | saŋlə̑man |
| Active participle: | saŋlə̑še |
| Passive participle: | saŋlə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | saŋlə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | saŋlə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | saŋlen |
| Negative gerund: | saŋlə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | saŋlə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | saŋlə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | saŋlə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | saŋlə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | saŋlə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||